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Sitagliptin

    DEA Class; Rx

    Common Brand Names; Januvia

    •  Antidiabetics, Dipeptyl Peptidase-IV Inhibitors

    Oral DPP-4 inhibitor given once daily; reduces the breakdown of GLP-1 which increases insulin secretion
    Used in adults for type 2 diabetes mellitus; mean A1C reduction 0.65 to 1.05%
    Used as monotherapy or in combination with other hypoglycemic agents including insulin, but not GLP-1 agonists

    Indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

    Serious hypersensitivity to sitagliptin (eg, anaphylaxis, angioedema)

    Combination with insulin with or without metformin

    • Hypoglycemia (15.5%)

    Combination with glimepiride with or without metformin

    • Hypoglycemia (12.2%)

    Monotherapy

    • Nasopharyngitis (5.2%)

    • Upper respiratory tract infection (4.5%)

    • Headache (1.1%)

    Combination with pioglitazone

    • Upper respiratory tract infection (6.3%)

    • Headache (5.1%)

    Combination with metformin

    • Nasopharyngitis (6.2%)

    • Upper respiratory tract infection (5.9%)

    Combination with metformin and rosiglitazone

    • Nasopharyngitis (6.1%)

    • Upper respiratory tract infection (5.5%)

    Combination with glimepiride with or without metformin

    • Nasopharyngitis (6.3%)

    • Upper respiratory tract infection (5.9%)

    Hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis, angioedema, rash, urticaria, cutaneous vasculitis, and exfoliative skin conditions including Stevens-Johnson syndrome

    Hepatic enzyme elevations; acute pancreatitis, including fatal and nonfatal hemorrhagic and necrotizing pancreatitis

    Worsening renal function, including acute renal failure (sometimes requiring dialysis)

    Severe and disabling arthralgia

    Tubulointerstitial nephritis

    Constipation, vomiting

    Headache, myalgia, pain in extremity, back pain

    Rhabdomyolysis

    Pruritus

    Bullous pemphigoid

    Mouth ulceration; stomatitis

    Acute pancreatitis reported, including fatal and nonfatal hemorrhagic or necrotizing pancreatitis; if pancreatitis suspected, discontinue promptly

    Acute renal failure reported, sometimes requiring dialysis; assess renal function before initiation and periodically thereafter

    Serious allergic and hypersensitivity reactions (eg, anaphylaxis, angioedema, exfoliative skin conditions including Stevens-Johnson syndrome) reported; promptly stop treatment and assess for other potential causes; appropriately monitor and treat

    Severe and disabling arthralgia reported in patients taking DPP-4 inhibitors; consider as a possible cause for severe joint pain and discontinue drug if appropriate

    Heart failure observed with other DPP-4 inhibitors; consider risks and benefits in patients with risk factors for heart failure; monitor for signs and symptoms; if heart failure develops, manage accordingly to standard of care and consider interrupting treatment

    Bullous pemphigoid reported with DPP-4 inhibitor use, which required hospitalization; in reported cases, patients recovered with topical or systemic immunosuppressive treatment and discontinuation of DPP-4 inhibitor; advise to report any developing blisters/erosions; discontinue DPP-4 therapy and consult a dermatologist if bullous pemphigoid suspected

    Limited available data in pregnant females are not sufficient to inform a drug-associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage

    There is no information regarding presence of drug in human milk, effects on breastfed infants, or on milk production

    Present in rat milk and therefore possibly present in human

    Adults

    16 mg/day PO.

    Elderly

    16 mg/day PO.

    Adolescents

    Safety and efficacy have not been established.

    Children

    Safety and efficacy have not been established.

    Sitagliptin 

    tablet

    • 25mg
    • 50mg
    • 100mg