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Ethanol

    Brands

    DEA Class; Rx

    Common Brand Names; alcohol (ethyl)

    • Antidotes, Other

    Competes with methanol & ethylene glycol for alcohol dehydrogenase to inhibit production of toxic metabolites

    Indicated for Methanol Toxicity, Ethylene Glycol Poisoning (Off-label)

    Treatment of congenital venous and lymphatic malformations

    hypersensitivity

    Seizure disorder

    Diabetic coma

    Subarachnoid injection of dehydrated alcohol in patients receiving anticoagulants

    • Intoxication
    • Flushing hypotension
    • Agitation
    • Hypoglycemia
    • Polyuria
    • Intoxication

    Caution in diabetes mellitus, gout patients, hepatic impairment, shock

    Use caution following cranial surgery

    Significant systemic absorption and toxicity may occur in infants following dermal exposure; use caution

    Pregnancy Category: C (injection)

    Lactation: Enters breast milk at levels approximately equivalent to maternal serum level; use with caution (AAP states “compatible with nursing”)

    Methanol Toxicity, Ethylene Glycol Poisoning (Off-label)

    Loading dose

    • 600 mg/kg IV (ie, 7.6 mL/kg of 10% EtOH solution)

    • 600-700 mg/kg PO/NG using a 95% solution diluted to ≤ 20% with water or juice

    Maintenance dose

    • 65-155 mg/kg/hr depending on alcohol consumption status (lower for nondrinker)

    • Oral maintenance = 1.5 mL/kg/hr (IV = 1.4 mL/kg/hr) 10% ethanol

    • Chronic alcoholics and hemodialysis patients need increased dose; increased maintainence by 50%; non-users may need less

    • Maintain serum ethanol of 100-150 mg/dL [21.7-32.55 mmol/L]

    Ethanol

    Injection solution (95%)

    • 1 mL
    • 5 mL