Classes
DEA Class; OTC
Common Brand Names; Alka-Seltzer Plus Cold
Analgesic/Antihistamine/Decongestant Combos
Description
Aspirin is a stronger inhibitor of both prostaglandin synthesis and platelet aggregation than other salicylic acid derivatives. Acetyl group is responsible for inactivation of cyclooxygenase via acetylation.
Chlorpheniramine blocks muscle responses in histamine and acts as an antagonism of the constrictor effects of histamine on respiratory smooth muscle.
Phenylephrine is a vasoconstrictor and a decongestant that relieves symptoms resulting from irritation of upper respiratory tract tissue. It shrinks swollen mucous membranes, reduces nasal congestion and tissue hyperemia.
Uses/Indications
Indicated for temporary relief of common Cold, cough and upper respiratory track infection.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Liver damage
< 2 years of age
Hypoprothrombinemia
Vitamin K deficiency
Bleeding disorders
Asthma
G6PD deficiency
Uncontrolled or severe hypertension
Due to association of aspirin with Reye syndrome, do not use in children (<16 y) with viral infections
Narrow-angle glaucoma
Symptomatic prostate hypertrophy
Bladder-neck obstruction
Stenosing peptic ulcer
Adverse Effects
Dysrhythmias
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Agitation
Cerebral edema
Coma
Confusion
Dizziness
Headache
Subdural or intracranial hemorrhage
Lethargy
Hives
Rashes
May potentiate peptic ulcer and cause stomach distress or heartburn
Dyspepsia
GI bleeding
Ulceration & perforation
Nausea
Vomiting
Prolongation of prothrombin time
Warnings
Aspirin: May cause transient decrease in renal function and aggravate chronic kidney disease; avoid use in patients with severe anemia, with history of blood coagulation defects, or taking anticoagulants
Chlorpheniramine: May cause significant confusional symptoms; not for administration to premature or full-term neonates
Phenylephrine: Caution in elderly patients, hyperthyroidism, myocardial disease, bradycardia, partial heart block or severe arteriosclerosis
Pregnancy and Lactation
Pregnancy category: D; avoid during pregnancy, particularly in third trimester because of risk for premature closure of the ductus arteriosus
Lactation: Excreted in breast milk; do not breast feed
Pregnant or breastfeeding patients should seek advice of health professional before using OTC drugs
Maximum Dosage
Adults
2 tablets fully dissolved in 4 oz of water q4hr; not to exceed 8 tablets/day
Pediatric
<12 years old: Ask a pediatrician
>12 years old: 2 tablets fully dissolved in 4 oz of water q4hr; not to exceed 8 tablets/day
How supplied
Effervescent Tablet
325mg/2mg/7.8mg